4. They also act as the subject or object of the verb in the relative clause. Staff (5) who are currently living at the school will be found alternative housing by the local council. A hotel is a place. Can you get me one of those chocolate bars have got toffee in the middle? Where we put the preposition depends on formality: Note: We do not put a preposition before the relative pronoun that: X This system provides a case in that the contact lenses can be kept. Exercise 1 - Defining relative clauses. You may want to revise the topic before you do this exercise. 1. Note that that can be used in informal English instead of who/whom/which but it is never used after commas, i.e. It takes lots of practice, so make sure to write down what you learn … Students whose grades fall below 65% will be placed in the Diploma programme. A boy sister is in … Indicate these lines with a tick (✓). See Commas (adding comments). Do you need help? …….which……. My best friend who is from Italy moves his hands a lot when he is talking. Use comma(s) if its a non-defining relative clause and do not use comma(s) if its a defining relative clause. Starbucks ___________________________________________________________. Defining relative clauses We use defining relative clauses to specify which person, thing or place we are talking about. A.- COMPLETE THESE SENTENCES WITH A SUITABLE RELATIVE PRONOUN OR ADVERB That is the man helped me when I fell down in the street. characters are usually less than wholesome. We can also use which to refer to the ‘idea’ of a whole clause: When he came home, he was unusually attentive, which made her very suspicious. 14 St Andrew’s Hospice which opened last-year-. Task No. Get step-by-step explanations, verified by experts. Choose the correct pronoun – WHO, WHICH or WHERE from the drop-down menu. Essential and Aditional Relative Clauses. Use only one word for each space. In defining relative clauses, we can omit the relative pronoun when it is the object of the relative clause, but not when it is the subject: X Last week I saw the film won all the Oscars. F It was in danger of closing through lack of. We often use them to avoid repeating information. In this example what you told me yesterday is the object of the verb tell. 18 places tourism => places where/ in which tourism, Advanced Grammar For IELTS: Relative Clauses, Intermediate (band score 5.0-6.0) Vocabualary, Upper intermediate (band score 6.0-6.5) Vocabualary, Advanced (band score 7.0-8.0) Vocabualary, IETLS Cue Card Sample: Describe A Decision You Disagreed With, Advanced Grammar For IELTS: Word Order And Verb Patterns, IELTS Academic Reading Sample 27 – Looking for a Market among Adolescents, IELTS Academic Reading Sample 26 – Creating Artificial Reefs, IELTS Academic Reading Sample 25 – The Danger Of Ecstasy, IELTS Academic Reading Sample 24- Beneath The Canopy, IELTS Academic Reading Sample 13 – A.D.D. He … The goal is that you really understand how relative clauses work in … Jack of Hearts is a new six-part drama series (0) ..which/ that …comes to our screens this week. Object pronouns can be dropped in defining relative clauses, which are then called Contact Clauses… a young man is being chased. 6 to be informed of the government’s decision, 3 which it is => which is wholly seasonal, 6 government is-already receiving => government which/that is already receiving/government, 12 tourist what wants => tourist who/that wants. In defining relative clauses we can modify the pronoun or adverb with –ever to give the meaning of anything, anyone, anywhere, etc. => St Andrew’s Hospice, which opened last year. For a limited time, find answers and explanations to over 1.2 million textbook exercises for FREE! He stops at a phone box and makes a desperate call. Exercise to practice relative clauses. Change the underlined parts so that you don’t use a relative clause. Defining and Non-defining Relative Clauses. 19 the main-reason which governments fall => the main reason why governments fall. Jack has prepared his favourite dish from Delia Smith’s recipe book, which he is about to eat. They take home pieces of an ancient monument, 10 or of a coral reef which will gradually result in erosion of the attractions and, 11 therefore of the industry. Thus the ground is prepared in this first episode for a series (10)………. ✓ It was the money (that) I wanted, not the fame. 8: The only noun which takes why as a relative pronoun is reason: Sometimes he thought her clear morality was the reason why/ that he loved her. We use relative clauses to make clear which person or thing we are talking about: Marie Curie is the woman who discovered radium. First, it means that a, 3 country’s economy may rely on an industry which it is wholly seasonal, with, 4 the consequence that the huge numbers of people work in tourism during the, 5 season have no income during the rest of the year. (= … which were struck out/which we struck out …). In non-defining relatives, there is a short pause after the main clause or between the two parts of the main clause: We were given a lovely double room ( ), which had a sea view. shows that the network has faith in its latest creation. 7: We can use that as an alternative to when in defining relative clauses: I remember – it was the day when/ that the heatwave started. 22 to understand exactly which a country gains from tourism. Note: We do not use that in non-defining relative clauses: X This offer, that will not be repeated, must end next week. is out in … The charity event raised over £1,000 for St Andrew’s Hospice which opened last year. All these are used in the English language to relate two or more ideas. These are the main differences: Clause… He left the gift that he had just bought in his friend’s car. watch had stopped didn’t know that he was late. Task No. Missing Out on Learning, IELTS Academic Reading Sample 25 – The Rocket From East To West, IELTS Academic Reading Sample 24 – Paper Recycling, IELTS Academic Reading Sample 23 – Alarming Rate of Loss of Tropical Rainforests, 0 SCIENTISTS DISCOVER NEWWONDER-CURE FOR CANCER. Starbucks wants to open new stores in China. We usually use non-defining relative clauses to add extra information about the subject of a main clause: ITV’s News at Ten, which occupied the mid-evening slot for many years, was a very popular programme. ID: 530072 Language: English School subject: English as a Second Language (ESL) Grade/level: Primero/ Segundo de secundaria Age: 12-15 Main content: Relative clauses … Advertisements. We interviewed fourteen applicants for the post, none of whom we thought suitable. We usually put the relative clause as close as possible to the noun it refers to, otherwise the meaning may not be clear: X Jack has prepared his favourite dish from Jamie Smith’s recipe book, which he is about to eat. relative clauses exercise. There are approximately 780 students (4) who are of different ages at the school, and they will all transfer to schools in the region. No, mine is the one is parked just opposite … In this phrases and clauses quiz you have to decide whether the highlighted part of the sentence is a phrase or a clause. 5 The hand count of votes …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 6 London Zoo ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 5 B The hand count of votes which/that were spoiled in the recent US presidential election has continued. I’d like to meet whoever did that to the garden hedge! Relative … 11 which this shop makes-them => which this shop makes. 1. We often use defining relative clauses to describe an important quality of someone or something: Van Gogh was an artist who used a lot of bold, vibrant colours. Reducing relative clauses is difficult to understand. We now mainly use it after prepositions: I am referring to the person with whom you were seen on that evening. … This time, however, he is on the right side of the law, playing a probation officer with a complicated professional and personal life, both of (5)………. It is a very fast car. We often use a relative clause with the same pattern for emphasis, with introductory It: It is always violent crime that provokes the most extreme reaction from the public. We usually use commas to separate the relative clause from the main clause in non-defining relatives, but we do not use them in defining relatives: The tribespeople, who traded with the settlers, retained their land. You might like to watch the film. Some lines are correct. Relative Clauses. ✓ Last year’s winner presented the cup, which each holder keeps for the year. In this kind of relative clause, we … These clauses give information about someone or something in the main clause. 3) I sent … the book that you were looking for. 1) February, which is the second month of the year, is the month ---- many of my colleagues take vacation for skiing. 2) The dress ---- the movie star is … we shorten it by omitting the pronoun and verb. We can use prepositions with relative pronouns. Use the correct. This is a ratified life in (8)………., but which does a lot of good for the less fortunate. A relative pronoun can be the subject of a relative clause: Last week I saw that film which won all the Oscars. Relative clauses are subordinate clauses introduced by relative pronouns, such as that, which or who. seems to be a bad-tempered, grumpy woman, is further compromised later in the series (8)…………. A relative pronoun can also be the object of a relative clause: Last week I saw the film which you made at college. Relative Clauses with ‘Who’, ‘That’, and ‘Which’ – Rules and Exercises for Intermediate Level. Defining relative clauses - 4. Delete Quiz. Defining relative clauses - 2. The clause, a comment, is set off with commas (before and, if necessary, after the clause). We are at the beginning of a medical revolution, according to an article that appeared in, Dubai which is a small country in the Middle East has many tall buildings. Relative clauses - exercises. Defining Relative Clauses Here, which refers to the fact that ‘he was unusually attentive’. This calls wakes up a man (3)……… most viewers will recognise as Keith Allen – the slightly sleazy unshaven Cockney (4)……. Sir Patrick was the first person (6) who was informed of the government’s decision and he passed the bad news on to staff and students at a meeting (7) which was held last week. Relative clauses are a tool that tells us which thing or person the speaker is referencing. The use of commas reflects the way we say the two types of relative clause. (= the thing that I wanted). Most of the teachers have been at the school for at least 15 years. The writers have managed to find a different angle on his personal problems. To play this quiz, please finish editing it. ‘We are all very sorry about the closure. Note: If we put a preposition before who, the pronoun always becomes whom. 2) They called a lawyer (the lawyer lived nearby) [ . ] 3157. Compare: The people who this report is addressed to will have to consider carefully the consequences of the proposed cuts. For over 25 years we have run an establishment (8) which has been dedicated to making learning a rich and enjoyable experience. The Uros … Share practice link. 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